INFO & BLOG
About diagnosis, treatment and recovery
What do NMIBC and MIBC mean, and why does this distinction determine my treatment?
NMIBC is disease that has not invaded the bladder wall's muscle layer; MIBC has. NMIBC is mostly managed with TURBT and intravesical therapy, MIBC with cystectomy or bladder-preserving therapy.
What is TURBT, how is it performed and why is it considered both diagnosis and treatment?
TURBT removes the tumor through the urethra without an incision. The tissue is examined in pathology for diagnosis and staging; in NMIBC it also serves as treatment since the tumor is fully removed.
Why is BCG used and how is it delivered into the bladder?
BCG is an intravesical immunotherapy used after TURBT in NMIBC to lower the risk of recurrence and progression; it is delivered directly into the bladder via catheter.
What is robotic radical cystectomy, and what is the difference between a neobladder and an ileal conduit?
Robotic radical cystectomy removes the bladder in MIBC with the Da Vinci system. A neobladder builds a new bladder from bowel, while an ileal conduit channels urine out via a stoma.
Can my bladder be preserved, and who is suitable for bladder-preserving trimodal therapy?
In selected patients, trimodal therapy combining maximal TURBT with concurrent chemoradiation can preserve the bladder as an alternative to cystectomy; eligibility is set by the board.
What is the role of smoking in bladder cancer, and does quitting affect my treatment?
Smoking is the leading risk factor for bladder cancer. Quitting helps lower the risk of recurrence and progression and can positively affect your treatment course.
Why is neoadjuvant chemotherapy given before cystectomy?
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy given before cystectomy in MIBC is used to shrink the tumor and improve surgical outcomes.
How often is cystoscopic follow-up done after treatment, and what is done if recurrence occurs?
Cystoscopic follow-up is done at set intervals after treatment; frequency depends on disease risk level. If recurrence is found, a new treatment is planned by the board.
How does the process work for patients coming from abroad?
After you share your file, board review and a transparent offer are provided; visa, transfer, accommodation and interpreter support are arranged.