Dr. Emine Mestan

Multiple sclerosis occurs when the sheath surrounding nerve fibers in the central nervous system is targeted by the immune system. Symptoms vary depending on the affected area: blurred vision, double vision, numbness, weakness, unsteadiness, and urinary problems are common.

Diagnosis is not made with a single test. History, examination, magnetic resonance imaging and, when necessary, cerebrospinal fluid examination are evaluated together. Ruling out other diseases that appear similar is an important part of the process.

The disease progresses differently from person to person. The aim of treatment is to reduce attacks, prevent the formation of new lesions and preserve existing functions.

EMG is an examination that measures the electrical activity of nerves and muscles. It consists of two parts: measuring the conduction speed of the nerves and recording by inserting a thin needle into the muscle.

This examination is used for hand and arm numbness, suspicion of nerve compression due to lumbar-cervical hernia, nerve injuries and muscle diseases. It shows whether the problem is caused by a nerve or a muscle and at what level the pressure is.

Some slight discomfort may be felt during the procedure, but it is generally well tolerated. The result alone is not a diagnosis. It is interpreted together with examination findings and history. Conditions such as blood thinner use and skin infection should be reported before the procedure.

Parkinson's disease occurs when the cells responsible for regulating movement in the brain decrease. Tremors that appear during rest, slowness of movements, muscle stiffness and balance problems are the main findings.

The disease is not limited to movement alone. Decreased sense of smell, disruption of sleep patterns, constipation, urinary problems and mood changes are common and sometimes occur before movement symptoms.

Diagnosis is based on history and examination; display is used to exclude similar tables. Treatment is carried out with medications, and the dose and application pattern are adjusted over time.