What stands out in this treatment
Who it's for & conditions treated
About the operation
Surgery is not always the first step. In some subtypes (HER2-positive, triple-negative) or large tumors, drug treatment is given first; once the tumor shrinks, a smaller operation may be possible. When the disease has spread to distant organs, drugs are the basis of treatment.
General surgery, medical oncology, radiation oncology, radiology and plastic surgery decide together on the type and timing of surgery.
| Breast-conserving surgery | Mastectomy | |
|---|---|---|
| What is removed | The tumor and a thin rim of healthy tissue | All of the breast tissue |
| Appearance of the breast | The breast is kept and shaped with oncoplastic technique | Can be reconstructed in the same operation or later |
| Radiotherapy | Usually needed after surgery | May be needed depending on risk |
| Who it suits | Those whose tumor is small relative to the breast | Those with a large or multifocal tumor |
| Operating time | Shorter | Longer with reconstruction |
| Recovery | Faster | Longer, depending on reconstruction |
| Genetic risk (BRCA) | Discussed according to preference and risk | Considered as a risk-reducing option |
Which path suits you depends on the tumor’s size, location and subtype, and on your preference.
| Sentinel lymph node biopsy | Axillary dissection | |
|---|---|---|
| What is removed | The few nodes the cancer reaches first | Most of the lymph nodes in the armpit |
| How they are found | Mapped with a tracer | Removed by opening the area |
| Arm swelling (lymphedema) | Less common | More common |
| Sensation and movement in the arm | Less affected | Can be more affected |
| Who it suits | Those with a clear armpit on examination and imaging | Those with proven spread to the armpit |
| Next step | No further surgery if the nodes are clear | The board decides on further radiotherapy or drugs |
Which approach is used for the armpit is decided from examination, imaging and biopsy results.
Before surgery: the tumor’s location and size are defined with mammography, ultrasound and MRI, and small tumors are marked. If you had drug treatment before surgery, the day of surgery is planned around its effect. The team decides when to stop blood thinners.
After surgery: if a drain was placed, you learn how to care for it at discharge. If the armpit was treated, arm exercises start on the day the team recommends. The pathology result is reviewed by the board; your surgeon approves your flight home after the follow-up visit.
From day one to discharge
A completely carefree treatment journey
Our center in numbers
Our diagnostic and treatment technologies
What sets us apart here
About diagnosis, treatment and recovery
Transparent treatment pricing
Our quote is a binding commitment
The quote prepared and shared based on the medical information you provide is guaranteed: for every treatment it covers, the hospital charges no extra fees.
What our patients say
The oncology team was with me medically and emotionally. In a word, they gave me confidence.
All my tests were done in one centre and the tumour board produced a plan the same week.
I came for a second opinion; it was the doctor himself who explained that I should stay and be treated.
A Russian-speaking coordinator was with me at every appointment; I never had to guess anything.
The file of the treatment I began at home was read here in full; I did not start from zero.
Accommodation and transfers were planned in one schedule during radiotherapy; it did not exhaust me.
They explained both my illness and my options in my own language. Knowledge eased my fear.
I had my follow-up calendar in hand after treatment ended; I did not return home into a vacuum.
